不同所有制条件下的收入差距问题研究: 基于机会不平等理论的视角

The income distribution theory of classical Marx doctrine is going through the challenges of enlarging income inequality in current China. This paper introduces opportunity inequality into the Max’s theory of income distribution and uses counterfactual function and Shapley decomposition to come to the following new understandings:firstly，there exists a certain consistency between Marx’s theory of income distribution and the theory of opportunity inequality，which provides a logical basis for theoretical innovation; secondly，without the consideration of opportunity inequality，the core ideas of classical Marx’s income distribution theory work well;but in fact，opportunity inequality has influences on income distribution under different ownership;thirdly，in China，if the negative effect of opportunity inequality on income distribution is greater than the positive impact of public ownership on income distribution，then the advantages of ownership will not be effectively reflected and it is difficult to contain the expanding trend of income inequality. Therefore，only the elimination or reduction in opportunity inequality can give full place to the advantages of public ownership in the adjustment to income distribution.